The Papillomavirus: The HPV Minichromosome module is part of the Pathogens in Augmented Reality (PathogenAR) mobile app.
Papillomaviruses replicate in cells of the skin, mouth and anogenital region of the human host. HPV infection can be asymptomatic, cause warts, or disrupt cell growth. On rare occasions, the cell growth becomes uncontrolled, causing cancer. About 5% of cancers worldwide are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV).
The papillomavirus genome is circle of DNA and, similar to human host DNA, it is complexed with a class of cell proteins called "histones". This module will review how papillomaviruses use histones to pack their DNA inside the capsid and how modifications of these histones might promote infection with HPV.
Below is a list of resources to support this module.
Models in NIH 3D Print Exchange
NIAID Resources
Other Resources
References
- Porter SS, Liddle JC, Browne K, Pastrana DV, Garcia BA, Buck CB, et al. Histone Modifications in Papillomavirus Virion Minichromosomes. Shenk T, editor. mBio [Internet]. 2021 Feb 23;12(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.03274-20
- Taguchi H, Xie Y, Horikoshi N, Maehara K, Harada A, Nogami J, et al. Crystal Structure and Characterization of Novel Human Histone H3 Variants, H3.6, H3.7, and H3.8. Biochemistry [Internet]. 2017 Apr 10;56(16):2184–96. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01098
- Tachiwana H, Kagawa W, Osakabe A, Kawaguchi K, Shiga T, Hayashi-Takanaka Y, et al. Structural basis of instability of the nucleosome containing a testis-specific histone variant, human H3T. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [Internet]. 2010 May 24;107(23):10454–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003064107
- Guan J, Bywaters SM, Brendle SA, Ashley RE, Makhov AM, Conway JF, et al. Cryoelectron Microscopy Maps of Human Papillomavirus 16 Reveal L2 Densities and Heparin Binding Site. Structure [Internet]. 2017 Feb;25(2):253–63. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2016.12.001
- Davey CA, Sargent DF, Luger K, Maeder AW, Richmond TJ. Solvent Mediated Interactions in the Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle at 1.9Å Resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology [Internet]. 2002 Jun;319(5):1097–113. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00386-8